Flying-machine.



FLYING MAGHIEEE. APEl-IGATIOZJ FILED SEPT. 2, 1910.

Patented July15,1913.

m it lrji lniihd) @h irh CHARLES FRANCIS JENKINS, OF 'WhSHING-TON, DESTRICT-QF BGLUMBIA.

FLYIN G-MAGHINE.

. Ayplieation filed September 2, 1910.

T 0 all whom i1? may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES FRANCIS JEKEHNS. citizen of the United States, residing at ll'ashington, District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful improvements in l lying-liiachines, of which the: following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class (if anparatus known as flying machines, and has for its principal object devices for maintaining lateral equilibrium without affecting the steering in any manner.

A further object is such a construction of the stabilizing planes as will afiord the promptest possible iesponse.

Heretoforait has been usual to pull down the rear edge of the main plane (or of the ailerons or balancing planes) on the low side of the machine when it has lost its equilibrium, and to let go the other. This, besides straightoning. up the machine, has a tendency to retard the low side of the machine and throw it around oh" its course. To

- counteract this tendency the rear rudder is v he parts.

so connected as to he sin'iultaiwously moved to neutralize this turning'etl'ect.

The main, object of this invention is to recover the equil brium of the machine without any tendency to affect the steering. The devices employed for this purpose are shown in the accompanying drawings. lI1-\l1i( 'li- Figur 1 is a longitudinal elevation of the machine. and Fig. 2 rear elevation with certain hurts left oii for clearness. Fig. 3 shows iii front elevation mechanism for operating the balancing wings.

in the figures. i represents the upper and B the lower main planes ot the machine; C the longitruliuul training: .l) and E Vertical training; i th driveis HHll (i an oscillat-v ing rod on which the s at is mounted: ll tho steering voluum of llu machine: l a hell-crank om ngcmlfll' whi h through universal joiuli-- atta h .7 to he Flooring 34)]- unm and the llu-r 1rd to th soul rod: .7 a le er ZilSer uuuuilwl r the Pent-roll: K ailerons or iii-danc ng; plant-s one at cach end oi the uuzin whines. A, link i connects the seat rod 2 to one arm ot' the hell-c unit,

which is pivoted at L". the joints being uni- Tersal. to lillow desired relative movement of steering column H is con 0 the other arzr. of iii-'3 hellnected similari Cifi'llli at l and mountd to slide l tudinallv and to rotate. both moi being produced o a hand wheel Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 15, 1913.

Serial No. sea-214.

this column is fixed a pulley H from which Wires Q lead around pulleys Q and thence to a rear steering-device, which is thus actu ated by the rotation of the hand wheel.

The operation of the device is as follows: The machine being in tree flight, and assuming that by reason of gust or other cause the machine/tips raising the right and depressin the left plane the driver leans toward t e high side and this rotates the seat rod G raising the left end and depressing the right end of the lever J and through the medium'of the wires m passingaround suitable pulleys m, m m", m pulls down the aileron at. the left and through the medium of the wires n which pass around pulleys n, n of, n pulls up the aileron on the right bringing the machine back to a level keel. As the machine straightens up the driver sits more straight and presently the ailerons are broughtto normal position. Obviously the machine could he brought to equilibrium in similar manner if the other end of the main planes should rise. by the driver leaning the other way, etc. Pulling l'mckward on the steeringcolumn moves the forward end of the bell-crank (the end attached to the seat-rod) upward and this raises the seat-rod and likewise the lever J. This action equally and similarly afiecting the wires in and it, draws down the rear edges of both ailerons. and tends to raise the machine bodily, while pushing forward on the steerii'rqwheel has an opposite effect, that is, causes the machine to descend. The balancing planes may, therefore, both he brought down together; or they may be oppositely raised and lowered; that is. one moved upward and the other downward. The movement of one of the balancing planes abo e and the other below a longilullinully horizontal plane thr ugh tho mm chine. llHh' an exactly equal cllwtv on the ends of the main planes. our to rise and tho ollu'r to IL n that the (r uter lino ol the uwchine does; not [inc or full. nor (l s lllls atlcrt the steering in any manner, bemusethe rctanlin etlect ot lhe aileron ouflhe low side is exactly counterbalanced by the retarding effect of the aileron on the high side. The steering to the right and left is etlected through the rear rudder and the wires Q. attached to the pulley on the steer ins: column. but this is not a part of the inrehtion claimed in this pplication.

The form of controlling planes described and illustrated in this application, a form ranged to swing vertically and-having oppowhich might be used for steering as Well as sitely projecting lateral arms, a rotary and balancing, has been found to'be'most prompt sliding steering column arranged to actuate inresponding to the will of the operator, for said Qvane in rotating, means whereby slid 5 but a slight movement in either'direction ing said column compels variation in the :9

brings one or the other of the faces ofthe elevation of the arm-bearing portion of said plane into prompt and effective action. rod, and Wires connecting the arms to the Want I claim, iswings and compelling both to move in the The combination with a frame, main supdirection of the movement of the arms. Importing wings, andbalancing wings near In testimony whereof I have aflixed my .25

the outer ends, respectively, of said planes, signature in presence of two witnesses.

of a rear steering vane, balancing win 3 CHARLES FRANCIS hinged at their ront edges between t Witnesses: outer end portions, respectively, of said An'rHUx L. Bxnxr,

15 planes, a longitudinal ce: -al seat rod ar- M. D. Matrix. 

